Understanding Ureteral Stents and Their Role in Urology
Ureteral stents are thin, flexible tubes placed within the ureter to maintain urine flow from the kidney to the bladder. They play a critical role in urological care, particularly when natural urine passage is obstructed. These stents are most commonly used after surgical procedures, during the treatment of kidney stones, or when swelling and strictures narrow the ureter.
The ureter is a delicate muscular tube, and even minor swelling can disrupt urine drainage. When urine backs up, it can cause severe pain, infection, or kidney damage. Ureteral stents act as a temporary internal scaffold, ensuring uninterrupted urine flow while the underlying condition heals.
Most ureteral stents are made of biocompatible materials such as polyurethane or silicone. They are designed with curled ends—often called “double-J” stents—to keep them securely positioned within the kidney and bladder. Placement is typically performed using cystoscopy under local or general anesthesia.
Patients may experience mild discomfort, urinary frequency, or flank pain after stent placement. These symptoms occur due to bladder irritation or reflux of urine during movement. Despite these side effects, stents remain essential tools for preventing serious complications.
Ureteral stents are usually temporary and removed once healing occurs or obstruction resolves. Removal is a quick outpatient procedure. Ongoing advancements aim to improve comfort, reduce encrustation, and minimize infection risk, making ureteral stents safer and more tolerable for patients worldwide.
